website diff en/doc/handbook/chroot-env.html @ rev 41
Add Chroot to Handbook (en) and fix typos
| author | Paul Issott <paul@slitaz.org> |
|---|---|
| date | Sat May 07 21:03:21 2011 +0000 (2011-05-07) |
| parents | |
| children | d0b00447604c |
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1.1 --- /dev/null Thu Jan 01 00:00:00 1970 +0000 1.2 +++ b/en/doc/handbook/chroot-env.html Sat May 07 21:03:21 2011 +0000 1.3 @@ -0,0 +1,164 @@ 1.4 +<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/DTD/xhtml1-transitional.dtd"> 1.5 +<html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en" lang="en"><head><title>SliTaz Handbook (en) - Template</title> 1.6 + 1.7 + 1.8 + 1.9 + <meta http-equiv="content-type" content="text/html; charset=ISO-8859-1" /> 1.10 + <meta name="description" content="slitaz English handbook" /> 1.11 + <meta name="expires" content="never" /> 1.12 + <meta name="modified" content="2008-02-26 18:30:00" /> 1.13 + <meta name="publisher" content="www.slitaz.org" /> 1.14 + <meta name="author" content="Christophe Lincoln" /> 1.15 + <link rel="shortcut icon" href="favicon.ico" /> 1.16 + <link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="book.css" /></head><body bgcolor="#ffffff"> 1.17 + 1.18 +<!-- Header and quick navigation --> 1.19 +<div id="header"> 1.20 +<div id="quicknav" align="right"> 1.21 + <a name="top"></a> 1.22 + <a href="index.html">Table of contents</a> 1.23 +</div> 1.24 +<h1><font color="#3e1220">SliTaz Handbook (en)</font></h1> 1.25 +</div> 1.26 + 1.27 +<!-- Content. --> 1.28 +<div id="content"> 1.29 +<div class="content-right"></div> 1.30 + 1.31 +<h2><font color="#df8f06">Chroot environment</font></h2> 1.32 + 1.33 +<p> 1.34 +This document describes the necessary steps to create a chrooted environment, in order to change the root 1.35 +of the system so that you can work. This makes it possible to compile, test and develop SliTaz without any risk to 1.36 +the host system you're working on. The host system can be SliTaz installed to a hard drive or any other GNU/Linux system 1.37 +such as Debian, Fedora, PCLinuxOS and so on. You can also create a chrooted environment in LiveCD mode 1.38 +associated with USB media. The only prerequisite is to have a SliTaz ISO image available and a little 1.39 +time. Note that all commands are carried out as system administrator (<em>root</em>). 1.40 +</p> 1.41 +<h3>Prepare the environment</h3> 1.42 +<p> 1.43 +To begin, we must extract the contents of the ISO image into the directory that will serve as our chroot. 1.44 +The directory can be created any place you choose, we'll use a directory <code>/home/slitaz/chroot-env</code>. 1.45 +To extract the contents of an ISO image, we must mount it in a <em>loop</em> directory and then copy the compressed 1.46 +root filesystem (<code>rootfs.gz</code>) into the chroot directory. Assuming the ISO is in the current directory: 1.47 +</p> 1.48 +<pre> # mkdir /tmp/loop 1.49 + # mount -o loop slitaz-cooking.iso /tmp/loop 1.50 + # mkdir -p /home/slitaz/chroot-env 1.51 + # cp /tmp/loop/boot/rootfs.gz \ 1.52 + /home/slitaz/chroot-env 1.53 + # umount /tmp/loop 1.54 +</pre> 1.55 +<p> 1.56 +Now we have a copy of the compressed filesystem, we must extract and unpack it (this is a <code>cpio</code> 1.57 +archive compressed with either gzip or lzma). To complete this stage, we can remove the 1.58 +<code>rootfs</code> which is no longer required: 1.59 +</p> 1.60 +<pre> # cd /home/slitaz/chroot-env 1.61 + # (zcat rootfs.gz 2>/dev/null || lzma d rootfs.gz -so) | cpio -id 1.62 + # rm rootfs rootfs.gz 1.63 +</pre> 1.64 +<p> 1.65 +If the unpacking of the rootfs compressed with lzma fails; you can use the following method: 1.66 +</p> 1.67 +<pre> # unlzma rootfs.gz -S .gz 1.68 + # cat rootfs | cpio -id 1.69 +</pre> 1.70 + 1.71 +<h3>Using the environment</h3> 1.72 +<p> 1.73 +To begin using the chrooted environment, you just need to mount some virtual filesystems and use the <code>chroot</code> 1.74 +command. To simplify things, we can write a small script automating the process. Example using the 1.75 +chroot directory <code>/home/slitaz/chroot-env</code> and creating a script 1.76 +<code>chroot_in_env.sh</code> in <code>/home/slitaz</code>. 1.77 +On any systems other than SliTaz you can uncomment the lines about <code>/dev</code> and 1.78 +<code>/tmp</code> - <em>Note</em> to save typing you can copy and paste: 1.79 +</p> 1.80 +<pre> # cat > /home/slitaz/chroot_in_env.sh << "EOF" 1.81 +</pre> 1.82 +<pre class="script">#!/bin/sh 1.83 +# Chroot in SliTaz to hack. 1.84 +# 1.85 +ROOTFS="/home/slitaz/chroot-env" 1.86 + 1.87 +# Mount virtual Kernel file systems and chroot. 1.88 +# 1.89 +#mount --bind /dev $ROOTFS/dev 1.90 +#mount --bind /tmp $ROOTFS/tmp 1.91 +mount -t proc proc $ROOTFS/proc 1.92 +mount -t sysfs sysfs $ROOTFS/sys 1.93 +mount -t devpts devpts $ROOTFS/dev/pts 1.94 +mount -t tmpfs shm $ROOTFS/dev/shm 1.95 + 1.96 +echo "Chrooting in $ROOTFS... " 1.97 +chroot $ROOTFS /bin/sh --login 1.98 + 1.99 +# Unmount virtual Kernel file systems on exit. 1.100 +# 1.101 +umount $ROOTFS/dev/shm 1.102 +umount $ROOTFS/dev/pts 1.103 +umount $ROOTFS/sys 1.104 +umount $ROOTFS/proc 1.105 +#umount $ROOTFS/tmp 1.106 +#umount $ROOTFS/dev 1.107 + 1.108 +echo "Exiting of $ROOTFS chroot environment... " 1.109 + 1.110 +EOF 1.111 +</pre> 1.112 +<p> 1.113 +To finish and test the environment, you just make the script executable and run: 1.114 +</p> 1.115 +<pre> # chmod +x /home/slitaz/chroot_in_env.sh 1.116 + # sh /home/slitaz/chroot_in_env.sh 1.117 +</pre> 1.118 +<h4>To activate the network</h4> 1.119 +<p> 1.120 +In order to have the network up to download and install some development packages, just start the 1.121 +DHCP client on the correct interface. Example using <code>eth1</code>: 1.122 +</p> 1.123 +<pre> /# udhcpc -i eth1 1.124 +</pre> 1.125 +<h4>Installing packages</h4> 1.126 +<p> 1.127 +If the network is functional, just reload the list of packages and use <code>tazpkg get-install</code> to 1.128 +install them. If a connection is not possible, you can download the packages from another system, copy them 1.129 +to the chrooted environment and install them with the <code>tazpkg install</code> command. To install the basic 1.130 +compilation tools: 1.131 +</p> 1.132 +<pre> /# tazpkg recharge 1.133 + /# tazpkg get-install slitaz-toolchain 1.134 +</pre> 1.135 +<p> 1.136 +Once the environment is configured, you can compile applications from source to create packages, test scripts etc. 1.137 +The <a href="../cookbook/">Cookbook</a> should help you out here: 1.138 +</p> 1.139 +<h4>Exit the environment</h4> 1.140 +<p> 1.141 +To exit the chrooted environment, just type <code>exit</code>, the <code>chroot_in_env.sh</code> script will then end 1.142 +by unmounting the virtual filesystems from the Linux Kernel: 1.143 +</p> 1.144 +<pre> /# exit 1.145 + # 1.146 +</pre> 1.147 + 1.148 +<!-- End of content --> 1.149 +</div> 1.150 + 1.151 +<!-- Footer. --> 1.152 +<div id="footer"> 1.153 + <div class="footer-right"></div> 1.154 + <a href="#top">Top of the page</a> | 1.155 + <a href="http://www.slitaz.org/en/doc/handbook/index.html">Table of contents</a> 1.156 +</div> 1.157 + 1.158 +<div id="copy"> 1.159 + Copyright © 2008 <a href="http://www.slitaz.org/en/">SliTaz</a> - 1.160 + <a href="http://www.gnu.org/licenses/gpl.html">GNU General Public License</a>;<br /> 1.161 + Documentation is under 1.162 + <a href="http://www.gnu.org/copyleft/fdl.html">GNU Free Documentation License</a> 1.163 + and code is <a href="http://validator.w3.org/">valid xHTML 1.0</a>. 1.164 +</div> 1.165 + 1.166 +</body></html> 1.167 +