website annotate en/doc/cookbook/boot-scripts.html @ rev 345

en: Edit Cookbook (quick)
author Paul Issott <paul@slitaz.org>
date Sat Mar 28 11:13:56 2009 +0000 (2009-03-28)
parents 5e44cfe79756
children 63bc31b092a5
rev   line source
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paul@140 5 <title>SliTaz Cookbook (en) - Boot Scripts</title>
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paul@140 7 <meta name="description" content="slitaz English cookbook" />
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paul@140 9 <meta name="modified" content="2008-02-26 18:30:00" />
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paul@140 23 </div>
paul@140 24 <h1><font color="#3E1220">SliTaz Cookbook (en)</font></h1>
paul@140 25 </div>
paul@140 26
paul@140 27 <!-- Content. -->
paul@140 28 <div id="content">
paul@140 29 <div class="content-right"></div>
paul@140 30
paul@140 31 <h2><font color="#df8f06">Boot scripts</font></h2>
paul@140 32 <p>
paul@140 33 The startup and shutdown scripts with their configuration files.
paul@140 34 </p>
paul@140 35
paul@140 36 <ul>
paul@140 37 <li><a href="#intro">SliTaz and startup.</a></li>
paul@140 38 <li><a href="#init.d">/etc/init.d/*</a> - Directory of scripts and daemons.</li>
paul@140 39 <li><a href="#rcS">/etc/init.d/rcS</a> - Primary initialization script.</li>
paul@140 40 <li><a href="#rc-scripts">Specific scripts and daemons</a> - Scripts and
paul@140 41 daemons with a very specific task.</li>
paul@140 42 <li><a href="#inittab">/etc/inittab</a> - Configuration file init.</li>
paul@140 43 </ul>
paul@140 44
paul@140 45 <a name="intro"></a>
paul@140 46 <h3><font color="#6c0023">SliTaz and startup</font></h3>
paul@140 47
paul@140 48 <p>
paul@140 49 SliTaz does not use a level of execution (runlevel), the
paul@140 50 system is initialized via a primary script and its main
paul@140 51 configuration file. This script itself launches some other smaller
paul@177 52 scripts which deal with the internationalization or the
paul@140 53 commands placed for the system to start.
paul@140 54 </p>
paul@140 55
paul@140 56 <a name="init.d"></a>
paul@140 57 <h3><font color="#6c0023">/etc/init.d/* - Directory of scripts and daemons</font></h3>
paul@140 58 <p>
paul@140 59 The directory /etc/init.d contains all of the rc scripts,
paul@140 60 scripts finishing with '.sh' are simple shell scripts and
paul@140 61 daemons such as 'dropbear' or 'lighttpd' are scripts
paul@140 62 that launch a service. The daemon scripts can start, stop or
paul@140 63 restart through the command:
paul@140 64 </p>
paul@140 65 <pre> # /etc/init.d/daemon [start|stop|restart]
paul@140 66 </pre>
paul@140 67 <p>
paul@140 68 On SliTaz you will find a /etc/init.d/README describing the
paul@140 69 basic function of rc scripts. Also note that all startup
paul@140 70 scripts and daemons can call upon the <code>/etc/init.d/rc.functions</code>
paul@140 71 file. This file makes it possible to include various functions
paul@140 72 in rc scripts. SliTaz uses a function <code>status</code> to check whether
paul@140 73 the previous command has succeeded (0) or not.
paul@140 74 </p>
paul@140 75
paul@140 76 <a name="rcS"></a>
paul@140 77 <h3><font color="#6c0023">/etc/init.d/rcS - Primary initialization script</font></h3>
paul@140 78 <p>
paul@140 79 The <code>/etc/init.d/rcS</code> script configures all the
paul@140 80 basic services and initializes the base system. It begins by
paul@140 81 mounting the filesystems and starts services like syslogd, klogd,
paul@140 82 mdev and cleans up the system and so on. It
paul@176 83 uses the configuration file <code>/etc/rcS.conf</code> to locate which daemons
paul@140 84 and scripts to launch at startup. You can browse the script
paul@140 85 to know which commands are executed:
paul@140 86 </p>
paul@140 87 <pre> # nano rootfs/etc/init.d/rcS
paul@140 88 </pre>
paul@140 89
paul@140 90
paul@140 91 <a name="rc-scripts"></a>
paul@140 92 <h3><font color="#6c0023">Specific scripts and daemons</font></h3>
paul@140 93
paul@140 94 <h4>bootopts.sh - LiveCD mode options</h4>
paul@140 95 <p>
paul@140 96 This script is used to configure the LiveCD options passed
paul@140 97 at boot time and is readable via the /proc/cmdline file.
paul@140 98 This is the script that allows you to use a USB key or
paul@140 99 external hard disk <code>/home</code> partition with the option home=usb
paul@140 100 or home=sda[1-9] or directly specify the language and
paul@140 101 keyboard parameters.
paul@140 102 </p>
paul@140 103
paul@140 104 <h4>network.sh - Initializing the network</h4>
paul@140 105 <p>
paul@140 106 This script searches the network.sh configuration file
paul@140 107 /etc/network.conf for the network interface to use; if one wants to
paul@140 108 launch the DHCP client (or not) or if you want to use a fixed
paul@140 109 (static) IP. On SliTaz the /etc/init.d/network.sh
paul@140 110 script configures the network interfaces to start using the
paul@140 111 information contained in /etc/network.conf. If the variable
paul@140 112 $DHCP is equal to yes, then the /etc/init.d/network.sh
paul@140 113 script launches the DHCP client on the $INTERFACE interface.
paul@140 114 </p>
paul@140 115
paul@140 116 <h4>i18n.sh - Internationalization</h4>
paul@140 117 <p>
paul@140 118 SliTaz backs up the configuration of the default locale in
paul@140 119 /etc/locale.conf which is read by /etc/profile at each
paul@140 120 login. The /etc/locale.conf is generated during boot time
paul@140 121 thanks to the /etc/i18n.sh script. This script launches the
paul@140 122 'tazlocale' application if /etc/locale.conf doesn't exist.
paul@140 123 We use the same process for the keyboard layout using 'tazkmap'
paul@140 124 and the /etc/kmap.conf configuration file. Both applications
paul@140 125 are installed and located in /sbin and use dialog and the
paul@140 126 ncurses library. The script also checks whether the
paul@140 127 configuration file for the time zone /etc/TZ exists,
paul@140 128 otherwise it creates one relying on the keyboard configuration.
paul@140 129 </p>
paul@140 130
paul@140 131 <h4>local.sh - Local commands</h4>
paul@140 132 <p>
paul@140 133 The /etc/init.d/local.sh script allows the system administrator
paul@140 134 to add local commands to be executed at boot. Example:
paul@140 135 </p>
paul@140 136 <pre class="script">#!/bin/sh
paul@140 137 # /etc/init.d/local.sh: Local startup commands.
paul@140 138 # All commands here will be executed at boot time.
paul@140 139 #
paul@140 140 . /etc/init.d/rc.functions
paul@140 141
paul@140 142 echo "Starting local startup commands... "
paul@140 143
paul@140 144 </pre>
paul@140 145
paul@140 146 <h4>rc.shutdown</h4>
paul@140 147 <p>
paul@140 148 This script is invoked by /etc/inittab during system shutdown.
paul@140 149 It also stops all daemons via the variable RUN_DAEMONS in
paul@140 150 the primary <code>/etc/rcS.conf</code> configuration file.
paul@140 151 </p>
paul@140 152
paul@140 153 <a name="inittab"></a>
paul@140 154 <h3><font color="#6c0023">/etc/inittab - Configuration file init</font></h3>
paul@140 155 <p>
paul@140 156 The first file read by the Kernel at boot. It defines the
paul@140 157 initialization script (/etc/init.d/rcS), shells (ttys) and
paul@140 158 actions in the event of a reboot or disruption. You will find
paul@140 159 a complete example with accompanying notes in <a href="slitaz-tools.html">SliTaz tools</a>:
paul@140 160 </p>
paul@140 161 <pre class="script"># /etc/inittab: init configuration for SliTaz GNU/Linux.
paul@140 162 # Boot-time system configuration/initialization script.
paul@140 163 #
paul@140 164 ::sysinit:/etc/init.d/rcS
paul@140 165
paul@140 166 # /sbin/getty respawn shell invocations for selected ttys.
paul@140 167 tty1::respawn:/sbin/getty 38400 tty1
paul@140 168 tty2::respawn:/sbin/getty 38400 tty2
paul@140 169 tty3::respawn:/sbin/getty 38400 tty3
paul@140 170 tty4::respawn:/sbin/getty 38400 tty4
paul@140 171 tty5::respawn:/sbin/getty 38400 tty5
paul@140 172 tty6::respawn:/sbin/getty 38400 tty6
paul@140 173
paul@140 174 # Stuff to do when restarting the init
paul@140 175 # process, or before rebooting.
paul@140 176 ::restart:/etc/init.d/rc.shutdown
paul@140 177 ::restart:/sbin/init
paul@140 178 ::ctrlaltdel:/sbin/reboot
paul@140 179 ::shutdown:/etc/init.d/rc.shutdown
paul@140 180
paul@140 181 </pre>
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